ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Authorship, Plagiarism, Patient Consent, Human/Animal Studies, Clinical Trials Registration, Conflict of Interest

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GUIDELINES BY ARTICLE TYPE
Review Articles, Original Articles, Future Directions and Methods, Letters, Commentaries

PREPARATION OF MANUSCRIPT
Title Page, Abstract, Keywords, Abbreviations, Style, References, Figures, Tables, Supplementary Data, Permissions

FOLLOWING SUBMISSION/ACCEPTANCE
Revisions, Copyright, Page Proofs and Corrections, Video Abstracts, Funding Compliance, Using IBD Reviews

OPEN ACCESS
Charges, Third-party content

SCOPE

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases® (IBD) supports the mission of the Crohn's & Colitis Foundation by bringing the most impactful and cutting edge clinical topics and research findings related to inflammatory bowel diseases to clinicians and researchers working in IBD and related fields. The Journal is committed to publishing on innovative topics that influence the future of clinical care, treatment, and research. The Journal publishes peer-reviewed manuscripts and review articles in basic and clinical sciences, updates on clinical trials, reviews of the current literature, editorials, and other features.

GENERAL SUBMISSION INFORMATION

All manuscripts must be submitted through the Journal's online submission system at http://www.editorialmanager.com/ibd. For questions on preparing manuscripts for submission to IBD, please contact Meghann Knowles at meghann@jjeditorial.com.

IBD complies with International Committee of Medical Journal Editors’ Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts, which can be accessed here: www.ICMJE.org Authors should observe high standards with respect to publication ethics as set out by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS

A submitted manuscript must be an original contribution not previously published (except as an abstract or preliminary report), must not be under consideration for publication elsewhere, and, if accepted, must not be published elsewhere in similar form, in any language, without the consent of the publisher. Deposition of manuscripts prior to submission on community preprint servers or on conference presentations online will not be considered prior publication and will not compromise potential publication in IBD. In the Editorial Manager submission process, authors are asked to disclose that the manuscript has been posted to a preprint server along with a link to the paper. Although the editors and referees make every effort to ensure the validity of published manuscripts, the final responsibility rests with the authors, not with the Journal, its editors, or the publisher.

Authorship

Each person listed as an author is expected to follow the authorship criteria put forth by the ICMJE (http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/roles-and-responsibilities/defining-the-role-of-authors-and-contributors.html). Deceased persons who meet the criteria for inclusion as coauthors should be so included, with an Author Information note indicating the date of death.

In submitting to IBD, authors are expected to honor all deadlines presented to them. Authors are expected to respond to all communication from the Editorial staff in a timely manner and should inform the Editorial staff promptly if they require an extension to complete their paper or if any unforeseen events prohibit them from writing their paper. The Journal reserves the right to not publish a paper if an author fails to meet their assigned deadlines or if the paper does not meet the Journal’s standards of quality.

Plagiarism

All papers must be free of plagiarism. Plagiarism includes the unreferenced use of the author’s own work or ideas or the work or ideas of others, either published or unpublished. It may occur at any stage of the development of a manuscript and it applies to print and electronic versions of the work. Authors should consult the Committee on Publication Ethics’ (COPE) Guidelines on Good Publication Practice if they have questions about reuse of others’ work (https://publicationethics.org/files/u7141/1999pdf13.pdf).

The Editorial staff may subject submitted manuscripts to analysis using the iThenticate software program. If plagiarism is identified, the Editorial staff will request corrections or clarification from the author.

When a case of plagiarism is confirmed after publication, the Journal will publish a notice in a subsequent issue and possibly take further action according to Committee on Publication Ethics guidelines. Authors who have been found to be guilty of plagiarism after the appropriate institutional investigation will be banned from submitting to the Journal for a defined period of time.

Patient Anonymity and Informed Consent

It is the author's responsibility to ensure that a patient's anonymity be carefully protected and to verify that any experimental investigation with human subjects reported in the manuscript was performed with informed consent and following all the guidelines for experimental investigation with human subjects required by the institution(s) with which all the authors are affiliated. Authors should mask patients' eyes and remove patients' names from figures unless they obtain written consent from the patients and submit written consent with the manuscript. Please find the Patient Consent Form here.

Human Studies

Human experimentation must conform to ethical standards, and be approved by the appropriate Institutional Review Board (IRB). A statement concerning IRB approval and consent procedures must appear at the beginning of the Methods section. Any systematic data gathering effort in patients or volunteers must be approved by an IRB or adhere to appropriate local/national regulations. The Editors of IBD take IRB review and informed consent very seriously. Authors may be questioned about the details of consent forms or the consent process. On occasion, the Editors may request a copy of the approved IRB application from the author. Lack of appropriate consent or documentation may be grounds for rejection. Local IRB approval does not guarantee acceptability; the final decision will be made by the Editors.

Manuscripts that reveal the identity of any patient through figures, video, or audio files must be accompanied by written permission statement/release form signed by the identified adult or minor. The author may download and utilize using the links above.

Animal Studies

Experimental work on animals must conform to the guidelines laid out in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, which is available from the National Academy of Science; a text-only version is available at https://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/guide-for-the-care-and-use-of-laboratory-animals.pdf. Adherence to all relevant regulations and/or approval of the appropriate institutional Animal Care Committee or governmental licensure of the investigator and/or laboratory must be obtained. A statement concerning such approval must be included at the beginning of the Methods section. The Editors of IBD are concerned about appropriate animal care. On occasion, the Editors may request a copy of the approved Animal Care Committee application from the author. Local committee approval does not guarantee acceptability; the final decision will be made by the handling Editor.

Registration of Clinical Trials

All clinical trials that involve investigational drugs supported by a pharmaceutical firm or investigational devices supported by a device manufacturer must be registered at the time that a manuscript is submitted to IBD for publication. The registry and registration number must be stated in the first paragraph of the Methods section of the manuscript.

Policies on Conflicts of Interest

IBD is committed to making transparent the Journal’s policies on Conflict of Interest as they relate to authors, reviewers, and editors. Authors should familiarize themselves with the below points as well as COPE’s Guidelines on Good Publication Practice before committing to working with the Journal.

Conflicts in regard to publication can occur when a competing interest may influence or be perceived to influence the judgment of author, reviewers, and editors. Conflicts of interest are considered relationships within three years prior to the authoring, reviewing, or editing of the given manuscript. Specifically, these relationships may include:

• Employment (including employment by the same institution)
• Mentoring
• Collaborating
• Research funding
• Consultancies
• Honoraria
• Stock or share ownership
• Grants received and pending
• Royalties
• Company support for staff
• Commercial interests
• Political or religious views
• Any other close personal relationship

Author Conflict of Interest

As part of the Editorial Manager submission process, authors are required to declare all potential conflicting interests — financial, personal, or otherwise — that might be perceived as influencing the information presented in their manuscript. All sources of funding should be acknowledged in the manuscript. All relevant conflicts of interest and sources of funding should be disclosed during the submission process in Editorial Manager.

When in doubt, authors should seek advice from the Editors if they are unsure whether something constitutes a relevant conflict of interest. If there is no conflict of interest, this should also be explicitly stated as none declared.

In the event that a potential conflict of interest is apparent or suspected, the Journal Editorial staff will request clarification from the author. In the event that a conflict was not disclosed, the Journal may publish a notice in a subsequent issue and possibly take further action according to COPE guidelines.

Clinical Practice Guidelines

All clinical practice guidelines submitted for publication in IBD must adhere to the recommendations set forth by the National Academy of Medicine. Their recommendations include appointing committee chairs with no financial conflicts of interest and limiting guideline authors with financial conflicts of interest to less than 50% of the panel. Further detail on the recommendations can be found here: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK209539/.

GUIDELINES BY ARTICLE TYPE

Basic and clinical articles submitted to IBD should be submitted as either Review Articles or Original Articles using the parameters below. Following acceptance of an article, it may be designated to publish under a featured designation such as Future Directions and Methods, both of which are described in the following section.

Review Articles

Review Articles should be classified as either Basic Science or Clinical and should present recent advances in a relatively narrow topic that have been made in cutting edge research. Review articles should present a complete summary of important research areas that are now improving our understanding of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. All Review Articles will be peer-reviewed. Pre-submission inquiries to the Editors in Chief on the suitability of topics for Review Articles are highly suggested. Inquiries should be submitted through Managing Editor Meghann Knowles at meghann@jjeditorial.com.

Parameters

• Manuscript body: 6,000 words (not including references, figures, and tables). Authors must request permission from the Editors to increase the length.
• Tables and figures: No more thank six (combined)
• References: No more than 100
• Supplemental data: Allowed, including tables and figures

Original Articles

Original Articles should be classified as either Basic Science or Clinical and should add to the body of knowledge of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis and should be in alignment with the scope of IBD. Please review IBD's mission statement for more information.

Parameters

• Manuscript body: 7,000 words (not including references, figures, and tables). Authors must request permission from the Editors to increase the length.
• Tables and figures: No more than seven (combined)
• References: No more than 40
• Supplemental data: Allowed, including tables and figures

Future Directions and Methods

The Editors may designate select articles to publish in the Future Directions and Methods section. Articles published under this section will provide a deeper understanding of IBD research areas in which rapid advances and novel concepts can be made. Basic science Future Directions and Methods papers will expand our knowledge of areas that will allow novel insights to be made regarding the genetic, immunologic, microbial and environmental interactions that are the basis of the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases. Clinical Future Directions and Methods papers will allow investigators to make advances using cohort studies, multicenter registries, risk stratifications, and treatment outcomes.

Letters to the Editor

Letters in response to articles published in the Journal are welcome. All Letters should start with the phrase 'To the Editors,' and be written as a letter. Letters must be submitted the end of the following calendar month (e.g. by the end of July, for letters referring to articles in the June print issue). All Letters to the Editor will be published online-only and the Journal only allows for one exchange between the initial letter writer and the responding author. The Journal will also consider novel case reports written in letter format.

Parameters

• Manuscript body: No more than 400 words
• Tables and figures: No more than one table and one figure
• References: No more than five
• Supplemental data: Allowed, including tables and figures

Editors' Commentaries

Editors’ Commentaries focus on timely topics related to improving the career of the IBD physician including basic research, translational and clinical research, education, and career advice. Editors’ Commentaries are less than eight pages in length and must be co-authored by one of IBD's Associate Editors.

PREPARATION OF MANUSCRIPT

Manuscripts that do not adhere to the following instructions will be returned to the corresponding author for technical revision before undergoing peer review.

Title Page

Include on the title page (a) complete manuscript title; (b) authors' full names, highest academic degrees, and affiliations; (c) name and address for correspondence, telephone number, and email address; and (d) sources of support that require acknowledgment.

The title page must also include disclosure of funding received for this work from any of the following organizations: National Institutes of Health (NIH); Wellcome Trust; Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI); and others.

Abstract and Key Words

The abstract must be factual and comprehensive and should not exceed 250 words. Do not cite references in the abstract. Limit the use of abbreviations and acronyms, and avoid general statements (e.g., 'the significance of the results is discussed'). It should be sectioned into Background, Methods, Results, and Conclusions. Three to five key words should also be provided. Review articles, editorials, and editors’ commentaries do not require structured abstracts.

Text

For full-length research articles, please organize the manuscript in the following sequence:

• Abstract and Key Words
• Introduction
• Materials and Methods
• Ethical Considerations
• Results
• Discussion
• Conclusion
• Acknowledgments
• References
• Tables
• Figure Legends

Abbreviations

Non-standard abbreviations should be kept to a minimum. They should be defined at the first occurrence and introduced only where multiple use is made.

Style

Follow American Medical Association Manual of Style (10th edition) (http://www.amamanualofstyle.com/). Stedman's Medical Dictionary (27th edition) and Merriam Webster's Collegiate Dictionary (10th edition) should be used as standard references. Refer to drugs and therapeutic agents by their accepted generic or chemical names, and do not abbreviate them. Use code numbers only when a generic name is not yet available. In that case, supply the chemical name and a figure giving the chemical structure of the drug. Capitalize the trade names of drugs and place them in parentheses after the generic names. To comply with trademark law, include the name and location (city and state in USA; city and country outside USA) of the manufacturer of any drugs, supplies, or equipment mentioned in the manuscript. Use the metric system to express units of measure and degrees Celsius to express temperatures, and use SI units rather than conventional units.

References

The authors are responsible for the accuracy of the references. Key the references (double-spaced) at the end of the manuscript. Cite the references in text in the order of appearance, including those references cited in tables and figure legends at the chronological citation of the tables and figures in text. Cite unpublished data, such as papers submitted but not yet accepted for publication, personal communications, in parentheses in the text. If there are more than three authors, only name the first three authors and then use et al. For abbreviations of journal names, refer to List of Journals Indexed in the National Library of Medicine catalog. This can be accessed at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog/.

Sample references are given below:

Journal Article

1. Lutgens MW, van Oijen MG, van der Heijden GJ, et al. Declining risk of colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease: an updated meta-analysis of population-based cohort studies. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2013;19:789–99.

Book Chapter

2. Lee AM, Chan CLW, Ho AHY, et al. Improving the Quality of Life and Psychological Well-being of Patients with Colorectal Cancer. In: Lee MY, Ng S, Leung PPY, et al. Integrated Body-Mind-Spirit Social Work. 1st ed. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 2009: 236-244.

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Entire Book

3. Fogen BS, Greenberg DB. Psychiatric Care of the Medical Patient. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 2016.

Software

4. Epi Info [computer program]. Version 3.2. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2004.

Online

5. Gore D, Haji SA, Balashanmugam A, et al. Light and electron microscopy of macular corneal dystrophy: a case study. Digit J Ophthalmol. 2004;10. http://www.djo.harvard.edu/site.php?url=/physicians/oa/671. Accessed December 6, 2005.

Database

6. PDQ: NCI’s Comprehensive Cancer Database. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute; 1996. https://www.cancer.gov/publications/pdq. Updated December 18, 2001. Accessed April 29, 2004.

World Wide Web

7. International Society for Infectious Diseases. ProMED-mail website. http://www.promedmail.org. Accessed April 29, 2004.

Figures

Figures should be submitted as editable files (editable EPS, Word, PowerPoint files), high resolution PDFs, or TIFF files. Please submit figures as separate files and do not embed them within the main text. If fonts are used in the artwork, they must be in editable format with no outlines. We prefer the following fonts: Helvetica, Baskerville MT, STD, Sabon LT Std. Color images must be created, saved and submitted as CMYK files. Please note that artwork generated from office suite programs such as Corel Draw and artwork downloaded from the Internet (JPEG or GIF files) cannot be used. Cite figures consecutively in the manuscript, and number them in the order in which they are discussed.

Resolution

Images should be saved at a resolution of at least 300 dpi and line art should be saved at a resolution of at least 1200 dpi.

Figure Legends

Legends must be submitted for all figures. They should be brief and specific, and they should appear after the tables. Use scale markers in the image for electron micrographs, and indicate the type of stain used.

Color Figures

Authors are charged for the print reproduction of color figures. The cost is $600/£350/€525 per color figure. Color online is free of charge.

Digital Artwork Guideline Checklist

Before submitting your digital art to IBD, please ensure that it complies with the following list.

• Artwork is created and submitted as the actual size (or slightly larger) it will appear in the Journal. (To get an idea of the size images should be when they print, study a copy of the Journal. Measure the artwork typically shown and scale your image to match.)
• Crop out any white or black space surrounding the image.
• Check that text and fonts in any figure are one of the acceptable fonts: Helvetica, Baskerville MT, STD, Sabon LT Std.
• Images are created and saved as CMYK only. Do not submit any figures in RGB mode.
• Line art saved at a resolution of at least 1200 dpi.
• Images saved at a resolution of at least 300 dpi.
• Each figure is saved as a separate file and saved separately from the accompanying text file.
• Multi-panel or composite figures should be sent as one file with each part labeled the way it is to appear in print.
• Ensure that no artwork generated from office suite programs such as CorelDRAW, MS Word, Excel, or artwork downloaded from the Internet (JPEG or GIF files) is used.
• Cite figures consecutively in your manuscript.
• Number figures in the figure legend in the order in which they are discussed.
• Upload figures consecutively to the Journal's online submission system and number figures consecutively in the box during upload.

Tables

Create tables using the table creating and editing feature of your word processing software (e.g., Word). You can also use Microsoft Excel. Do not submit tables as image files or images placed in Word documents. Tables must be provided as editable text (Word files are preferred). Submit all tables as separate files. Cite tables consecutively in the text, and number them in that order. Key each on a separate sheet, and include the table title, appropriate column heads, and explanatory legends (including definitions of any abbreviations used). Do not embed tables within the body of the manuscript. They should be self-explanatory and should supplement, rather than duplicate, the material in the text.

Supplementary Data

Authors may submit Supplementary Data via the Journal's online submission system that enhance their article's text to be considered for online posting. Supplementary Data may include standard media such as text documents, graphs, audio, video, etc. On the Attach Files page of the submission process, please select Supplemental Audio, Video, or Data for your uploaded file as the Submission Item. If an article with Supplementary Data is accepted, our production staff will create a URL with the Supplementary Data file. The URL will be placed in the call-out within the article. Please note that Supplementary Data files are not copyedited and they will be presented digitally as submitted. Please supply the files as you would like them to appear in final publication (include legends in the same file as the images; make text double spaced or single spaced per your preference).

Supplementary Data Call-outs

Supplementary Data must be cited consecutively in the text of the submitted manuscript. Citations should include the type of material submitted (Audio, Figure, Table, etc.), be clearly labeled as 'Supplementary Data Content,' include the sequential list number, and provide a description of the supplemental content. All descriptive text should be included in the call-out as it will not appear elsewhere in the article.

For Example: We performed many tests on the degrees of flexibility in the elbow (see Video, Supplementary Data Content 1, which demonstrates elbow flexibility) and found our results inconclusive.

Permissions

Authors must submit written permission from the copyright owner (usually the publisher) to use tables or illustrations that have appeared in copyrighted form elsewhere, along with complete details about the source. Any permissions fees that might be required by the copyright owner are the responsibility of the authors requesting use of the borrowed material, and not the responsibility of the publisher. For permission and/or rights to use content for which the copyright holder is Oxford University Press or the Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation, please go to the Journal's website and after clicking on the relevant article, click on the 'Permissions' link that appears above the abstract. Alternatively, send an email to Journals.Permissions@oup.com.

FOLLOWING SUBMISSION/ACCEPTANCE

Peer Review

The Editors read all manuscript submissions. All manuscripts that meet the quality standards, are felt to advance the field, and adhere to the scope of the Journal are assigned to an Associate Editor and sent to outside experts for peer review using a single blind system. The Associate Editor, aided by the reviewers' comments, makes a recommendation to the Editors regarding the merits of the manuscript. The Editors make a final decision to accept, reject, or request revision of the manuscript. A request for revision does not guarantee ultimate acceptance of the revised manuscript.

Revisions

When submitting a revision, please submit both a clean copy and marked copy of the manuscript. Authors can use the track changes feature of the Microsoft Word program to create a marked copy. The marked copy should highlight all of the changes made by the authors after the original review. Authors also should submit all tables and figures in separate files for production purposes. In addition to the clean and marked copies, a point-by-point response to the reviewers’ comments is also required.

Copyright

After your manuscript is accepted and sent to production, the corresponding author will be required to sign a mandatory assignment of copyright agreement. Only the corresponding author is required to sign, with the understanding that he or she is signing on behalf of all authors.

Page Proofs and Corrections

Corresponding authors will receive an email containing a link to the electronic page proofs to check the copyedited and typeset article before publication. The pages proofs are provided as portable document format (PDF) files which require Adobe Reader to be viewed and edited. Complete instructions will be provided with the email for downloading the files and for returning the corrected pages electronically to the publisher. It is the author's responsibility to ensure that there are no errors in the proofs. Changes that have been made to conform to Journal style should be allowed to stand if they do not alter the authors' meaning. Proofs must be checked carefully and corrections returned within 48 hours of receipt, as requested in the communication accompanying the page proofs.

Video Author Abstracts

After authors have been notified that their submission has been accepted for publication, authors may be invited by the Editors to submit a Video Author Abstract. Videos should be submitted directly to Meghann Knowles in the Editorial Office at meghann@jjeditorial.com.

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Videos must be accompanied by written permissions/patient release forms for use of any videos in which the subject is identifiable. Written releases from patients in the videos should include permission to use in the online versions of the Journal and all media forms. Release forms can be found here.

Funding Compliance

A number of research funding agencies now require or request authors to submit the post-print (the article after peer review and acceptance, but not the final published article) to a repository that is accessible online by all without charge. As a service to our authors, Oxford University Press will identify to the National Library of Medicine (NLM) articles that require deposit and transmit the post-print of any article based on research funded in whole or in part by the National Institutes of Health, Wellcome Trust, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, or other foundations(s) requiring open access to PubMed Central. See http://www.oxfordjournals.org/for_authors/repositories.html for further details. Authors must ensure that manuscripts are clearly indicated as receiving funds from the above bodies using the guidelines linked in above. Additionally, all authors who choose the open access option (described below) will have their final published article deposited into PubMed Central.

IBD is committed to improving the overall efficiency of the publishing process. As such, we are willing to share reviewer reports with another journal of the corresponding author’s choice without including the reviewer names. If your paper is rejected from IBD and you would like to submit your manuscript and reviews to another journal, we ask that you disclose in your cover letter to the journal that your work was previously reviewed by IBD. You should also note that the receiving journal editor can, at their discretion, contact IBD to verify the authenticity of the confidential reviewer reports. We do suggest that if you have made revisions based on the reviewers' comments, you should upload a response to the previous reviews alongside your manuscript.

OPEN ACCESS

IBD authors have the option to publish their paper under the Oxford Open initiative; whereby, for a charge, their paper will be made freely available online immediately upon publication. If you do not select the open access option, your paper will be published with standard subscription-based access and you will not be charged.

Authors publishing in IBD can use the following open access licenses for their articles:

• Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY) where required by funding source
• Creative Commons Non-Commercial license (CC BY-NC)

Please click here for more information about Creative Commons licenses.

Charges

The open access charges are as follows.

• Regular charge: £1875 / $3000 / €2438
• Reduced rate developing country charge*: £938 / $1500 / €1219
• Free developing country charge*: £0 /$0 / €0

*Visit ourdeveloping countries page for more information or click here for a list of qualifying countries.

You can pay open access charges using our Author Services site. This will enable you to pay online with a credit/debit card, or request an invoice by email or post. Please note that these charges are in addition to any color charges that may apply. Orders from the UK will be subject to the current UK VAT charge.

For orders from the rest of the European Union, OUP will assume that the service is provided for business purposes. Please provide a VAT number for yourself or your institution, and ensure that you account for your local VAT correctly.

Third-Party Content in Open Access Papers

If you will be publishing your paper under an open access license but it contains material for which you do not have open access re-use permissions, please state this clearly by supplying the following credit line alongside the material:

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Title of content
Author, Original publication, year of original publication, by permission of [rights holder]
This image/content is not covered by the terms of the Creative Commons license of this publication. For permission to reuse, please contact the rights holder.